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Hong Kong's government insists that academic freedom persists after the implementation of the 2020 National Security Law (NSL), but growing fears in academia suggest otherwise, with changes in academic programs, condemnation of political criticism, and self-censorship markers of an uncertain 'red line'. The intensifying restrictions on academics and the rapid decline in the Academic Freedom Index ranking of Hong Kong has highlighted the ambiguity of legislation like the resuscitated colonial-era sedition law and Article 23 of the Basic Law, causing scholars to avoid certain sensitive topics and prompting concerns about the broader implications for academic research under China's concept of 'national security with Chinese characteristics'.
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The outdated fiscal system in Japan, which deters career building among women, significantly hinders women's economic participation and wage growth. This is despite women's labour force participation standing at an impressive 73 per cent. With the prospect of a severe labour shortage in the decades to come due to a decrease in the fertility rate, there is a dire need for rapid reform as current policies are no longer safeguarding low-income individuals and instead, inhibit women's productivity and wage growth.